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Thursday, February 5, 2026

Iran’s ballistic missile arsenal: Types, ranges, and regional impact - explainer


Iranian officials have repeatedly said Tehran had recovered from the damage incurred during the war and that its capabilities are better than ever.


Iran, which is set to resume nuclear talks with the United States on Friday in Oman, has always warned its formidable ballistic missile program - one of the biggest in the Middle East - is a red line in any negotiations. The latest test of Iran's missile capabilities occurred during the 12-day war in June 2025 with Israel, during which Tehran fired salvoes of ballistic missiles into Israel, killing dozens of people and wrecking dozens of buildings and apartment blocks in the country's center and north.

According to an analysis from the Institute for the Study of War (ISW) and AEI Critical Threats Project, Israel "likely destroyed around a third of the Iranian missile launchers" during the conflict. Iranian officials have repeatedly claimed that Tehran had recovered from the damage incurred during the war and that its capabilities are better than ever.

A ballistic missile is a rocket-propelled weapon that is guided during its initial ascent but follows a free-fall trajectory under gravity for most of its flight. It delivers warheads - containing either conventional explosives or potentially biological, chemical, or nuclear munitions - over varying distances, with classifications ranging from short to intercontinental ranges depending on the missile type. (Read More)